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Clinical Assessment of Motor Imagery After Stroke

Department of Rehabilitation Laval University and Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, Francine.Malouin{at}rea.ulaval.ca

Carol L. Richards, PhD

Department of Rehabilitation Laval University and Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Anne Durand, PhD

Institut de Réadaptation en Déficience Physique de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Julien Doyon, PhD

Department of Psychology, Unité de neuroimagerie fonctionnelle, Institut universitaire de gériatrie, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate: (1) the effects of a stroke on motor imagery vividness as measured by the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ-20); (2) the influence of the lesion side; and (3) the symmetry of motor imagery. Methods. Thirty-two persons who had sustained a stroke, in the right (n = 19) or left (n = 13) cerebral hemisphere, and 32 age-matched healthy persons participated. The KVIQ-20 assesses on a 5-point ordinal scale the clarity of the image (visual scale) and the intensity of the sensations (kinesthetic scale) that the subjects are able to imagine from the first-person perspective. Results. In both groups, the visual scores were higher (P = .0001) than the kinesthetic scores and there was no group difference. Likewise, visual scores remained higher than kinesthetic scores irrespective of the lesion side. The visual scores poststroke were higher (P = .001) when imagining upper limb movements on the unaffected side than those on the affected side. When focusing on the lower limb only, however, the kinesthetic scores were higher (P = .001) when imagining movements of the unaffected compared to those on the affected side. Conclusions. The vividness of motor imagery poststroke remains similar to that of age-matched healthy persons and is not affected by the side of the lesion. However, after stroke motor imagery is not symmetrical and motor imagery vividness is better when imagining movements on the unaffected than on the affected side, indicating an overestimation possibly related to a hemispheric imbalance or a recalibration of motor imagery perception.

Key Words: Motor imagery questionnaire • Stroke • Visual imagery • Kinesthetic imagery • Mental practice • Vividness of motor imagery.

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This version was published on July 1, 2008

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, Vol. 22, No. 4, 330-340 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1545968307313499


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