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Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair
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Functional Electrical Stimulation Enhancement of Upper Extremity Functional Recovery During Stroke Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study

Gad Alon, PhD, PT

University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, galon{at}som.umaryland.edu

Alan F. Levitt, MD

University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine

Patricia A. McCarthy, OTR

University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences

Objective. To test if functional electrical stimulation (FES) can enhance the recovery of upper extremity function during early stroke rehabilitation. Methods. Open-label block-randomized trial, begun during inpatient rehabilitation and continued at the patients' home. Patients were assigned to either FES combined with task-specific upper extremity rehabilitation (n = 7) or a control group that received task-specific therapy alone (n = 8) over 12 weeks. Outcome measures . Hand function (Box & Blocks, B&B; Jebsen-Taylor light object lift, J-T) and motor control (modified Fugl-Meyer, mF-M) were video-recorded for both upper extremities at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Results. B&B mean score at 12 weeks favored (P = .049) the FES group (42.3 ± 16.6 blocks) over the control group (26.3 ± 11.0 blocks). The FES group J-T task was 6.7 ± 2.9 seconds and faster (P = .049) than the 11.8 ± 5.4 seconds of the control group. Mean mF-M score of the FES group at 12 weeks was 49.3 ± 5.1 points out of 54, compared to the control group that scored 40.6 ± 8.2 points (P = .042). All patients regained hand function. Conclusion. Upper extremity task-oriented training that begins soon after stroke that incorporates FES may improve upper extremity functional use in patients with mild/moderate paresis more than task-oriented training without FES.

Key Words: Electrical stimulation • Stroke • Hand function • Task-specific training.

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This version was published on May 1, 2007

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, Vol. 21, No. 3, 207-215 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1545968306297871
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