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Psychological Predictors of Depression in Multiple Sclerosis

Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461

Frederick W. Foley

Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, St. Agnes Hospital, 303 North Street, White Plains, NY 10605

Nicholas G. LaRocca

Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, St. Agnes Hospital, 303 North Street, White Plains, NY 10605

Charles R. Smith

Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, St. Agnes Hospital, 303 North Street, White Plains, NY 10605

June Halper

Bernard W. Gimbel Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Holy Name Hospital, 718 Teaneck Road, Teaneck, NJ 07666

The aim of this study was to determine if learned helplessness, cognitive distortions, and self-efficacy would predict depression in a sample of eighty patients with multiple scle rosis (MS). Results indicated that depression was significantly related to higher scores on measures of learned helplessness and cognitive distortions, and lower scores on a measure of perceived self-efficacy. Significant correlations were also found between help lessness, cognitive distortions, and self-efficacy. However, depression was not signifi cantly related to disability or disease activity in this sample. When helplessness, cog nitive distortions, and self-efficacy were examined simultaneously in a multiple regression analysis, only helplessness predicted depression after controlling for demo graphic and disease-related variables. Cognitive distortions and self-efficacy did not have an independent effect. Implications of these findings, including issues for future research and treatment, were discussed. Key Words: Multiple sclerosis—Depression—Leamed helplessness—Cognitive distortions—Self-efficacy.

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, Vol. 9, No. 1, 15-23 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/154596839500900103


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