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Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair
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Visual Cortex Hyperactivity During Arm Movements in Brain Injured Individuals: Evidence of Compensatory Shifts in Functional Neural Systems

Katharine Blood

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin 53705

Scott Perlman

Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine Section, William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital and University of Wisconsin Hospital

Richard Balliet

Jian Yuan

Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine Section, William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital and University of Wisconsin Hospital

Michael Wilson

Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine Section, William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital and University of Wisconsin Hospital

Lesta Searles

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin 53705

Robert Nickles

Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin

JoAnne Lazarus

Department of Physical Education and Dance, University of Wisconsin

Joseph Sackett

Department of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine Section, William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital and University of Wisconsin Hospital

Basic neural mechanisms associated with recovery after brain injury were evaluated. Positron-emission tomography (PET) and fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG) were utilized to measure glucose metabolism and associated brain activity in the area of the visual cortex during motor tasks in post-acute brain injured (BI) young adults. Four hemiplegic BI subjects were compared over time to four normal matched controls for affected arm movement, least affected arm movement, and rest conditions. Initial data demonstrated hyperactivity in the visual cortex of the BI group versus the control group. Also, in subsequent data under higher resolution conditions greater visual cortex hyperactivity in the BI group was associated with more difficult movement tasks. These results support the hypothesis that compensatory shifts in functional neural systems occur in the visual cortex of post-acute brain injured adults. Key Words: Brain injury—Visual cortex— Positron-emission tomography.

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, Vol. 5, No. 4, 211-218 (1991)
DOI: 10.1177/136140969100500403
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