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Impaired Grip Force Modulation in the Ipsilesional Hand after Unilateral Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke

Landon Center on Aging, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, bquaney{at}kumc.edu

Subashan Perera

Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA

Rebecca Maletsky

Landon Center on Aging, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City

Carl W. Luchies

Landon Center on Aging, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence

Randolph J. Nudo

Landon Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City

Understanding grasping control after stroke is important for relearning motor skills. The authors examined 10 individuals (5 males; 5 females; ages 32-86) with chronic unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke (4 right lesions; 6 left lesions) when lifting a novel test object using skilled precision grip with their ipsilesional ("unaffected") hand compared to healthy controls (n = 14; 6 males; 8 females; ages 19-86). All subjects possessed normal range of motion, cutaneous sensation, and proprioception in the hand tested and had no apraxia or cognitive deficits. Subjects lifted the object 10 times at each object weight (260 g, 500 g, 780 g) using a moderately paced self-selected lifting speed. The normal horizontal ("grip") force and vertical tangential ("lift") force were separately measured at the thumb and index finger. Regardless of the object weight or stroke location, the stroke group generated greater grip forces at liftoff of the object (39%; P 0.05) and across the dynamic (P 0.05) and static portions (P 0.05) of the lifts compared to the healthy group. Peak lift forces were equivalent between groups, suggesting accurate load force information processing occurred. These results warrant further investigation of altered sensorimotor processing or compensatory biomechanical strategies that may lead to inaccurate grip force execution after strokes.

Key Words: Stroke • Grip force • Memory • Prediction • Prehension • Ipsilesional hand

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, Vol. 19, No. 4, 338-349 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/1545968305282269


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